PRODUCT EVALUATION
The CIPP Evaluation Model was developed by Daniel L. Stufflebeam in 1966, and further updated throughout the years, with the latest update in 2002. The CIPP Evaluation Model is a comprehensive framework for guiding evaluations of programmes, projects, personnel,products, institutions, and systems. It is a popular alternative to the Kirkpatrick / Kirkpatrick's Learning Evaluation Model, and is widely used around the world, especially by educational institutions.
CIPP stands for Context, Input, Process, Product, and these 4 main aspects comprise the CIPP Evaluation Model. The intention of this model is not to prove, but rather, to improve upon the programme itself. The CIPP Evaluation Model may be applied to educational / training
programmes, to best determine the merit and worth of the training programme, as well as to determine how to improve upon it.The Product Evaluation stage of the CIPP Evaluation Model measures outcomes. The impact / reach of the training programme, and its effectiveness in fulfilling the objectives.Transportability seeks to determine if the training programme can be transferred, adapted, or used in a different setting. Sustainability is another aspect to be measured, accounting for how durable / long-lasting the benefits were. Adjustments to the training programme may also need to be performed at this stage.
OBJECTIVES OF PRODUCT EVALUATION
● To collect descriptions and judgment of outcomes
● To relate outcomes and judgment of outcomes
● To relate outcomes to goals and to context, input and process information
● To interpret the efforts’ merit and worth
Methods of product evaluation
● By operationally defining and measuring outcomes
● By collecting judgments of outcomes from stakeholders
● By performing both qualitative and quantitative analyses
● By comparing outcomes to assessed needs, goals, and other pertinent standards Relation to decision making in the change process
● For deciding to continue, terminate, modify or refocus a change activity
● For presenting a clear record of effects (intended and unintended, positive and negative)
● For judging the effort’s merit and worth
Product Evaluation (P): evaluation of the outcome of the program to decide to accept, amend, or terminate the program, using criteria directly related to the goals and objectives (i.e. put desired student outcomes into question form and survey pre- and post-). Loop back to the original objectives in the Context Evaluation (C) to see if and how these would be changed or modified based on the data.
Product evaluation
Product evaluation includes the outcomes of the school. The focus of the product is not on the student’s achievement of grades but the skills, attitudes,knowledge, learning and abilities they attain which the student is going to use in life to benefit society. The aim of the school is to make the students productive so that they can stand on their feet in society. (Scriven, 1994).
Some important questions with respect to Product for school evaluation are:
1. What are the achievements of the students of the school in co-curricular and extracurricular activities?
2. What are the different summative and formative assessment strategies used by the school?
3. How will students practically implement what they have learned?
4. Are there registers for recording of different activities of the students?
5. How could the quality of teachers and school reputation be improved?
The CIPP model deals with products or outcomes not only at the end but
also at different points during the beginning, implementation and designing of the educational
program. Outcomes are then mapped with objectives, weaknesses are noted and expected
changes are made for the betterment of the quality of education.
Purpose: Decide to accept, amend, or terminate the program
Task : develop the assessment of the program
For example, Product-oriented evaluation focuses on the final product of an assignment, like an essay, and offers a grade only for that. Process-oriented evaluation, on the other hand, focuses on the entire process of an assignment and calculates a grade based on performance of each activity in the series that creates the final product.
Characteristics
● It is a kind of evaluation where the evaluator views and scores the final product made and not on the actual performance of making that product.
● It is more concerned with the outcome of the performance of the learner.
● It also focuses on the achievement of the learner.
● Product evaluation focuses on evaluating the result or outcome of a process.
● To determine the extent to which the goals of the program have been achieved.
● Measure, interpret, and judge a project's outcomes by
● Product evaluation includes the outcomes of the school.
● The focus of the product is not on the student’s achievement of grades but the skills,attitudes, knowledge, learning and abilities they attain which the student is going to use in life to benefit society.
● The aim of the school is to make the students productive so that they can stand on their feet in society.
Questions for product evaluation
To determine
● How do students use what they learned
● Is there any informal assessment
● What the quality of the assessment
● Is the evaluation carried out for the whole process
● What are the main"lesson learned "
● Is there one final exam at the end or several during the course
● How was the overall experience for the teachers and for the students
Methods : traditional research methods, multiple measures of objectives, and other methods
